Impact of HIV status and vaccination schedule on bacterial nasopharyngeal carriage following infant immunisation with the pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine in South Africa.

•In our study, 484 South African infants were enrolled and vaccinated with PHiD-CV.•HIV-infection or exposure did not alter PHiD-CV impact on bacterial carriage post-vaccination.•Vaccine-type pneumococcal carriage tended to be lower in children receiving a PHiD-CV booster dose.