Translation equivalent and cross-language semantic priming in bilingual toddlers

•Translation equivalent priming and cross-language semantic priming are found in bilingual 27-month-olds.•Contrary to adult findings, timescale and magnitude are similar for these two types of priming.•Contrary to adult findings, no effect of language dominance is found.•Contrary to model predictions, no effect of language distance is found.•The early bilingual lexicon may not be a miniature version of the adult one.