Key Features Of Nano-Emulsion Formation By The Phase Inversion Temperature Method

Nano-emulsion formation by the phase inversion temperature (PIT) method is reviewed. Characteristic features of low-energy emulsification are first summarized, and then, follows a description of the main characteristics of the PIT emulsification method. The main focus is on the relation between phase behavior and nano-emulsion formation. Emphasis is put on the key role of phase transitions involving equilibrium phases such as lamellar liquid crystalline and/or bicontinuous microemulsion phases to obtain nano-emulsions with minimum and controlled droplet size.