Annona Genus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities.

Species from the Annona (Anonaceae) genus are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Ethnobotanical studies provide information regarding the plant part and the preparation method being used, while scientific studies such as in vitro, in vivo, and clinical tests can provide evidence supporting ethnopharmacological reports, directing studies towards the isolation of compounds which may be active for specific pathologies. Annona muricata and Annona squamosa were the most commonly reported species from those studied, with Annona cherimola and Annona classiflora also standing out. Acetogenins were the most commonly isolated metabolite class due to their cytotoxic properties, with flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and peptides also being reported. Many species from the Annona genus have proven biological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal. The present review had as its objective to facilitate access to ethnobotanical, chemical and biological information in order to direct future researches.