Creating Big Time Crystals with Ultracold Atoms
New journal of physics(2020)
摘要
We investigate the size of discrete time crystalss(ratio of response period to driving period) that can be created for a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) bouncing resonantly on an oscillating mirror. We find that time crystals can be created with sizes in the ranges approximate to 20-100 and that such big time crystals are easier to realize experimentally than a period-doubling (s=2) time crystal because they require either a larger drop height or a smaller number of bounces on the mirror. We also investigate the effects of having a realistic soft Gaussian potential mirror for the bouncing BEC, such as that produced by a repulsive light-sheet, which is found to make the experiment easier to implement than a hard-wall potential mirror. Finally, we discuss the choice of atomic system for creating time crystals based on a bouncing BEC and present an experimental protocol for realizing big time crystals. Such big time crystals provide a flexible platform for investigating a broad range of non-trivial condensed matter phenomena in the time domain.
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关键词
time crystals,Bose-Einstein condensate,ultracold atoms
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