Early Virus Clearance And Delayed Antibody Response In A Case Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) With A History Of Coinfection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 And Hepatitis C Virus

The effect of host immune status on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remains unknown. Here, we report the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)/hepatitis C virus coinfection, who showed a persistently negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA test but delayed antibody response in the plasma. This case highlights the influence of HIV-1-induced immune dysfunction on early SARS-CoV-2 clearance.