Redox-Active Cysteines In Tgacg-Binding Factor 1 (Tga1) Do Not Play A Role In Salicylic Acid Or Pathogen-Induced Expression Of Tga1-Regulated Target Genes Inarabidopsis Thaliana

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule of the plant immune system. In Arabidopsis thaliana, SA biosynthesis is indirectly modulated by the closely related transcription factors TGACG-BINDING FACTOR 1 and 4 (TGA1 and TGA4, respectively). They activate expression ofSYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT1, the gene product of which regulates the key SA biosynthesis geneISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1. Since TGA1 interacts with the SA receptor NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1) in a redox-dependent manner and since the redox state of TGA1 is altered in SA-treated plants, TGA1 was assumed to play a role in the NPR1-dependent signaling cascade. Here, we identified 193 out of 2090 SA-induced genes that require TGA1/TGA4 for maximal expression after SA treatment. One robustly TGA1/TGA4-dependent gene encodes for the SA hydroxylase DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANT 6-LIKE OXYGENASE 1, suggesting an additional regulatory role of TGA1/TGA4 in SA catabolism. Expression of TGA1/TGA4-dependent genes in mock/SA-treated orPseudomonas-infected plants was rescued in thetga1 tga4double mutant after introduction of a mutant genomicTGA1fragment encoding a TGA1 protein without any cysteines. Thus, the functional significance of the observed redox modification of TGA1 in SA-treated tissues remains enigmatic.