The Properties of Concrete Based on Steel Slag As a By-Product of Metallurgical Production

This article presents the results of research on the use of unstable steel slag with a fraction of 0/8 mm as a 100% substitute for natural aggregate in concrete production. Two types of cements were used for the production of concrete: Portland cement CEM I 42.5N and hybrid cement H-CEMENT. Both of these cements were produced by the company Považská cementárna, a.s., Ladce. The main objective of this study was to assess the suitable type of binder to be combined with unstable steel slag in the production of concrete composite. The prepared concrete was used to test the properties of a fresh concrete mix, i.e. its consistency and bulk density. Hardened concrete was used to test the strength and deformation properties, including cube strength after 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 90 days, as well as prism strength after 28 days. The static modulus of elasticity was determined using prisms after 28 days of age of the test specimens. Our attention was also focused on determining the class of leachability of the concretes based on steel slag with CEM I 42.5N and H-CEMENT. The durability of concrete prepared on the basis of steel slag was tested in an environment with increased temperature and pressure. The results of the strength characteristics tests show a difference between the 28-day average cube strength of concrete using CEM I 42.5N and H-CEMENT (34.6 MPa and 29.1 MPa), while after 90 days, the average cube strength value stabilized at about 38 MPa. The average values ​​of the static modulus of elasticity when using CEM I 42.5N and H-CEMENT are almost identical, achieving values ​​of 32.5 GPa and 32.8 GPa, respectively. Concrete based on steel slag with CEM I 42.5N and H-CEMENT can be included in leachability class IIb. The results of the durability test of concrete based on steel slag in an environment with increased temperature and pressure confirmed the use of H-CEMENT hybrid cement from the company Považská cementáren, a.s., Ladce, as a suitable binder. .