In Vivo Visualization of Moving Synaptic Cargo Complexes within Drosophila Larval Segmental Axons.

Identifying moving synaptic vesicle complexes and isolating specific proteins present within such complexes in vivo is challenging. Here we detail a protocol that we have developed that is designed to simultaneously visualize the axonal transport of two fluorescently tagged synaptic vesicle proteins in living Drosophila larval segmental nerves in real time. Using a beam-splitter and split view software, larvae expressing GFP-tagged Synaptobrevin (Syb) and mRFP-tagged Rab4-GTPase or YFP-tagged Amyloid Precursor protein (APP) and mRFP-tagged Rab4-GTPase are imaged simultaneously using separate wavelengths. Merged kymographs from the two wavelengths are evaluated for colocalization analysis. Vesicle velocity analysis can also be done. Such analysis enables us to visualize the motility behaviors of two synaptic proteins present on a single vesicle complex and identify candidate proteins moving on synaptic vesicles in vivo, under physiological conditions.