Gene- and Species-Specific Translation by Ribosome Expansion Segments
SSRN Electronic Journal(2020)
摘要
Ribosomes have been suggested to directly control gene regulation, however regulatory roles for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) remain largely unexplored. Expansion segments (ESs) consist of a multitude of tentacle-like rRNA structures that extend from the core ribosome in eukaryotes. ESs are remarkably variable in sequence and size across eukaryotic evolution with a largely unknown function. In characterizing ribosome binding to a regulatory element within a Homeobox (Hox) 5’ UTR, we unexpectedly identify a modular stem-loop within this element that binds to a single ES, ES9S. Engineering chimeric, “humanized” yeast ribosomes for ES9S reveals that an evolutionary change in the sequence of ES9S endows species-specific binding of Hoxa9 mRNA to the ribosome. Genome editing to site-specifically disrupt the Hoxa9-ES9S interaction in neural stem cells demonstrates the functional importance for such selective mRNA-rRNA binding in translation control. Together, these studies unravel unexpected gene regulation directly mediated by rRNA.
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关键词
ribosome,translation,expansion,species-specific
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