The role of serum Cystatin C as early marker of acute kidney injury in subjects undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angiogram with normal serum creatinine levels

Background: Despite more than half a century of investigations, Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a major healthcare issue in medicine today, reported to occur in 1–32% of all hospital admissions and 10–90% of intensive care unit admissions and the diagnosis of AKI is usually based on changes in Serum Creatinine (SCr) which is a poor marker of early renal dysfunction. Objectives: To study the role of Serum Cystatin C (CysC) as early marker of AKI and to correlate the Serum Cys C with conventional marker like SCr in early detection of Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) in subjects undergoing Percutaneous transluminal coronary angiogram (PTCA). Materials and Method: Prospective cohort study was conducted, where SCr and Serum CysC were serially measured in a heterogeneous group of subjects (n=60) presenting to cardiology department and the primary outcome was CIAKI. Results: The study population consisted of 60 subjects. All subjects were divided into 2 groups: “CIAKI group” and “no-CIAKI group” according to predefined definition. The Serum Cys C increased at 4 hours and reached the peak at 24 hours, whereas SCr increased at 24 hours and reached peak at 48 hours respectively(P