Cmar_a_229329 411..417

Introduction Cholangiocarcinoma is a common malignant tumor, with an incidence that has continued to rise over the past 40 years. China has a high incidence of cholangiocarcinoma, which is far higher than that in Europe and the United States. Cholangiocarcinoma is divided into intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC). Surgical resection is the first consideration for the treatment of both types of cholangiocarcinoma. The surgical procedure for ECC can be grouped based on the location, as follows: the different conditions of the patients, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy for treatment. Correspondence: Shunda Du Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1# Shuai-Fu-Yuan, Wang-Fu-Jing, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of China Tel +86-139 1183 2900 Fax +86-10-69156043 Email dushd@pumch.cn Cancer Management and Research Dovepress