The distribution and Global burden of Insulin Dependent Diabetes mellitus -A review

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by abnormal blood glucose levels.Diabetes is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and others longterm complications include kidney failure, nerve damage, and lower limb amputation due to impaired circulation.There are three types of diabetes as follows. Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM)-Type 1 diabetes used to be called juvenile-onset diabetes. It is usually caused by an auto-immune reaction where the body’s defense system attacks the cells that produce insulin. Its occurrence is not fully understood. People with type 1 diabetes produce very little or no insulin. This type usually develops in children or young adults. People with this form of diabetes need injections of insulin every day in order to control the levels of glucose in their blood and theyfail to survive due to the lack of insulin. This paper briefly focuses on the global burden of type 1, rural urban distribution, age specific distribution as well as increase in the incidences of type 1Diabetes.