Leukocytopenia due to Zidovudine-and Neviraplne-Containlng

patients. In two of the patients, leukocytopenia was absent during reglmenS COntainlng either ZDV or NVP alone. Case 1 : A 48lyear-Old HIV-1-infected homosexual man commenced highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with ZDV/NVP/lamivudine (3TC) on January 1 1 , 1999. Two weeks later, the dose ofNVP was raised to 400 mg/day. At that time, WBC was 3,800/LEI, CD4 count 263/LEI, and viral load 700 copies/ml・ On February 13, 1999, day 33 0rthe therapy, he developed diarrhea, fever (40oC), and impetigo on his back.Asleukocytopenia (240/LEI; neutrophil O%) was noted, he was hospitalized. HAART was stopped immediately,and subcutaneousadministration of G-CSF at a dose of 300 LLg daily was started. Both pyrexiaand diarrhea improved within 9 days. WBC recovered to 6,200/LEI within 3 days. A new regimen containing stavudine (d4T)/NVP/3TC was then begun. No further episodes of leukocytopenia occurred subsequently. Case 2: A 68-year-old HIV1 1 -infected homosexual man was admitted to our hospital due to the onset ofPneumocystis