Quasi-Fermi Level Pinning in Interband Cascade Lasers

A systematic study of the quasi-Fermi level pinning in various interband cascade lasers (ICLs) is reported. These ICLs, with either type-II or type-I quantum well active regions, cover the mid-infrared wavelength range from 3 to $6~\mu \text{m}$ and can operate in continuous wave (cw) at room temperatures and above. It was found that the quasi-Fermi level can be pinned in many ICLs over a wide r...