Optimizing Networked Situational Awareness

This paper proposes a framework to explore the optimization of applications where a distributed set of nodes/sensors, e.g., automated vehicles, collaboratively exchange information over a network to achieve real-time situational-awareness. To that end we propose a reasonable proxy for the usefulness of possibly delayed sensor updates and their sensitivity to the network resources devoted to such exchanges. This enables us to study the joint optimization of (1) the application-level update rates, i.e., how often and when sensors update other nodes, and (2), the transmission resources allocated to, and resulting delays associated with, exchanging updates. We first consider a network scenario where nodes share a single resource, e.g., an ad hoc wireless setting where a cluster of nodes, e.g., platoon of vehicles, share information by broadcasting on a single collision domain. In this setting we provide an explicit solution characterizing the interplay between network congestion and situational awareness amongst heterogeneous nodes. We then extend this to a setting where such clusters can also exchange information via a base station. In this setting we characterize the optimal solution and develop a natural distributed algorithm based on exchanging congestion prices associated with sensor nodes' update rates and associated network transmission rates. Preliminary numerical evaluation provides initial insights on the trade-offs associated with optimizing situational awareness and the proposed algorithm's convergence.