Associations of health behaviors, food preferences, and obesity patterns with the incidence of mild cognitive impairment in the middle-aged and elderly population: An 18-year cohort study.

•G+/A+ and reading or writing were associated with the lower incidence of MCI.•TV or computer usage and fast foods were associated with the higher incident MCI.•The effects of health behaviors were fully observed in males.•The effects of food preferences and obesity patterns were fully observed in females.•Subjects aged 60–69 years were more susceptive to these factors.