Observational evidence for solar wind proton heating by ion-scale turbulence

Based on in situ measurements by Wind spacecraft from 2005 to 2015, this letter reports for the first time a clearly scale-dependent connection between proton temperatures and the turbulence in the solar wind. A statistical analysis of proton-scale turbulence shows that increasing helicity magnitudes correspond to steeper magnetic energy spectra. In particular, there exists a positive power law correlation (with a slope similar to 0.4) between the proton perpendicular temperature and the turbulent magnetic energy at scales0.3 less than or similar to k rho p less than or similar to 1, withkbeing the wave number and rho(p)being the proton gyroradius. These findings present evidence of solar wind heating by the proton-scale turbulence. They also provide insight and observational constraint on the physics of turbulent dissipation in the solar wind.