Does premenstrual syndrome before pregnancy increase the risk of postpartum depression? Findings from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health

•PMS was associated with postpartum depression (PPD) in a dose-response format.•This association was independent of history of depression.•PMS has the potential to identify women at risk of PPD well before pregnancy.•A new PPD screening list might be developed in future, incorporating PMS history.•Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings in different populations.