Technology and Perspective of Sustainable Biodiversity Utilization

The combination of traditional knowledge and modern biological technology promotes the biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization in China, which embodies in biological pharmaceutical, healthcare, crop breeding and cultivation, control of disease and insect pest, forest management and administration, ecological protection, restoration and construction, and so on. Here we list the following aspects. First, the conservation and utilization of medicinal bioresources have been gradually formed a multilevel, multifaceted, and multidisciplinary characteristic and achieved remarkable results. Second, China is one of the early countries that conduct the ocean ecosystem dynamics research, including from the structure and process of ocean ecosystem to the ecosystem service and production function, which laid the groundwork for the sustainable development of the ocean ecosystem. Third, intercropping, as one of the multiple cropping systems, is the essence of Chinese traditional agriculture. We have conducted plenty of intercropping practices about increasing production and efficient use of resources, including legumes and nonlegumes intercropping, single cotyledon and dicotyledonous intercropping, gramineae and nongramineous intercropping, and so on. In addition, intercropping can increase the species diversity of farmland ecosystem, improve utilization of system resources for biology, sufficiently protect and use natural enemy, and inhibit pest outbreaks. Finally, agricultural heritage, as a traditionally sustainable agriculture practices, also plays an important role on biodiversity protection and utilization. Currently, this research on agricultural heritage mainly concentrated on the theoretical consideration of agricultural heritage, agrobiodiversity characteristics of agricultural heritage, multivalues of agricultural heritage dynamic conservation, substitute industry, and development law and policy on conservation of agricultural heritage.