Infrared (IR) irradiation induced surface and morphology changes in Sn-based multi-segmented metallic nanowires

In this research, infrared (IR) irradiation has been used as a new heating method for the melting and joining of tin (Sn)-based multi-segmented metallic nanowires. Sn-based nanowires were synthesized by using an electrodeposition method in nanoporous polycarbonate templates. Both Sn nanowires and Sn-based multi-segmented nanowires, which have a barrier layer in the middle and two Sn segments on both ends, were fabricated, and their surface and morphology changes were investigated by IR heating and melting method. The melting behavior and morphology changes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology changes of Sn nanowires and Sn segments on multi-segmented nanowires were observed when optimized parameters were applied, including flux, heating time, peak melting temperature, and substrate. Vapor phase reflow has been realized for these Sn-based nanowires with the assistance of a flux. Finally, the joining and soldering of multi-segmented nanowires has been successfully achieved, which will enable nanowire integration and device fabrication.