Integration of Sub-Gradient Based Coordinate for Multiple Renewable Generators in Microgrid

Microgrids and smart grids are the future of the conventional grids. It will be an immense need to integrate the Distributed Generators (DGs) with smart grids and microgrids. DGs are mostly the solar energy, wind energy and small hydel power. These DGs has several advantages as high penetration of power will reduce the power loss, reduce the voltage drop and maintain the terminal voltage. These DGs are difficult to integrate with the microgrids in islanded mode as these causes severe fluctuation which disturbs the supply–demand balance. Renewable generators (RGs) working in MPPT mode cause high fluctuations when the RGs are working on islanded mode and generating more power than demand. Therefore, a control system is required to manage this issue and to maintain the balance of the system. Sub-gradient based distributed coordination technique is utilized for the control of renewable generators in which the supply–demand balance is maintained by coordinating the system with the utilization level. Simulation results will exhibit the operation of the controlled microgrid, its integrated DGs and will prove the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.