Pi-Rads 3 Lesions: Does The Association Of The Lesion Volume With The Prostate-Specific Antigen Density Matter In The Diagnosis Of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer?

Introduction: Currently, a new subclassification of the Pi-RADS 3 lesions and subgroups is being used: 3a (indolent or low-risk lesions with volume <0.5 ml) and 3b (significant or high-risk lesions with volume >0.5 ml). The prostate-specific antigen density (PSAd) has been identified as a diagnostic tool that helps to predict clinically significant prostate cancer (csCaP). The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of the volume of the Pi-RADS 3 lesions and the PSAd in the diagnosis of csCaP.Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included prostate biopsies performed using a transperineal approach and guided by ultrasound between 2015 and 2020. csCaP was defined as Gleason score >3 + 4. The population was divided into groups according to the Pi-RADS 3 subclassification and the PSAd value. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of 3b lesions for the detection of high-grade prostate cancer, alone and combined with PSAD groups.Results: In total, 99 patients with Pi-RADS 3 lesions were included. Forty-three patients were in group 3a and 56, in 3b. Mean PSA was 7.28 +/- 2.6 ng/ml. Pi-RADS 3a lesion did not present csCaP but 17.8% of Pi-RADS 3b lesion did. In group 3b with PSAd > 0.15, 62.5% presented csCaP. In those Pi-RADS 3b with PSAd <= 0.15, all biopsies were insignificant prostate cancer (isCaP) and 40 biopsies could have been avoided. Considering 3b as positive for csCaP detection, sensitivity was 100%, specificity 48.3%, NPV 17.8%, and PPV 100%. When adding PSAd to group 3b, sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 86.9%, NPV was 62.5%, PPV was 100%. In total, only the subgroup 3b with PSAd > 0.15 presented csCaP and 83.8% biopsies could be avoided.Conclusions: In this series, the association of the volume of PIRADS 3 lesion and the PSAd improves specificity and PPV contributing to improve the management of csCaP. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.