Five Novel Bifidobacterial Species Isolated From Faeces Of Primates In Two Czech Zoos: Bifidobacterium Erythrocebi Sp. Nov., Bifidobacterium Moraviense Sp. Nov., Bifidobacterium Oedipodis Sp. Nov., Bifidobacterium Olomucense Sp. Nov. And Bifidobacterium Panos Sp. Nov.

Five Bifidobacterium strains, VB23(T), VB24(T), VB25(T), VB26(T) and VB31(T), were isolated from chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), Goeldi's marmoset (Callimico goeldii), moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) and patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas), respectively, which were kept in two Czech zoos. These strains were isolated from faecal samples and were Gram-positive, non-motile, non-sporulating, anaerobic and fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA revealed close relatedness between VB23(T) and Bifidobacterium angulatum LMG 11039(T) (96.0%), VB24(T) and Bifidobacterium pullorum subsp. pullorum DSM 20433(T) (96.1%), VB25(T) and Bifidobacterium goeldii LMG 30939(T) (96.5%), VB26(T) and Bifidobacterium imperatoris LMG 30297(T) (98.1%), and VB31(T) and B. angulatum LMG 11039(T) (99.40 %). Internal transcribed spacer profiling revealed that VB23(T), VB24(T), VB25(T), VB26(T) and VB31(T) had highest similarity to Bifidobacterium breve LMG 13208(T) (77.2%), Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697(T) (85.8 %), Bifidobacterium biavatii DSM 23969(T) (76.9%), B. breve LMG 13208(T) (81.2%) and B. angulatum LMG 11039(T) (88.2 %), respectively. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) analyses with their closest neighbours supported the independent phylogenetic positions of the strains with values between 86.3 and 94.3 % for ANI and 25.8 and 54.9 % for dDDH. These genomic and phylogenetic analyses suggested that the evaluated strains were novel Bifidobacterium species named Bifidobacterium erythrocebi sp. nov. (VB31(T)=DSM 109960(T)=CCUG 73843(T)), Bifidobacterium moraviense sp. nov. (VB25(T)=DSM 109958(T)=CCUG 73842(T)), Bifidobacterium oedipodis sp. nov. (VB24(T)=DSM 109957(T)=CCUG 73932(T)), Bifidobacterium olomucense sp. nov. (VB26(T)=DSM 109959(T)=CCUG 73845(T)) and Bifidobacterium panos sp. nov. (VB23(T)=DSM 109963(T)=CCUG 73840(T)).