A Novel Approach with Glass Needle Enclosed Movable Probe for in Vivo Real-Time Detection of Glucose in Cisternal Cerebrospinal Fluid

Persistent episodes of hyperglycaemia in diabetes leads to serious damage to nerve system (referred to as diabetic neuropathy), such as nerve conduction abnormalities, pain and allodynia, and impaired axonal regeneration. Real-time monitoring glucose in brain is of great significance in better understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of hyperglycaemia related brain disorders. However, it has never been achieved in real-time in vivo detection of the rise of glucose concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) caused by an instant glucose intake, due to technical difficulties. Here, we introduced a novel electrochemical approach with glass needle enclosed movable glucose probe to in vivo detect glucose in cisternal CSF of mice. After the glass needle was punctured into cisterna magna of mouse by stereotactic guidance, the inner probe was inserted into the cisternal CSF to achieve the recording. By this approach, we successfully measured the amperometric signal corresponding to the intraperitoneal injection of glucose solution. Thus, a novel approach was developed to real-time detect the glucose in cisternal CSF of mice in vivo.