Prevalence and Pattern of Medical Disorders in Pregnancy at the Time of Delivery at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria

Objective To determine the prevalence and pattern of various medical conditions in pregnancy and also determine their impact on fetal and maternal outcome. Study Design A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted using labor ward data obtained over a period of 5 years (2013–2017). All women delivered at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria, with or without medical condition complicating pregnancy at the time of admission to labor ward were included in the study. Their sociodemographic parameters, nature of medical condition, fetal weight, fetal outcome, APGAR scores, and maternal outcome were extracted from the delivery register. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results The prevalence of medical conditions complicating pregnancy was found to be 24.5%. The five commonest medical conditions complicating pregnancy are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, sickle cell disease, diabetes mellitus, and hepatitis. The trend has remained relatively constant in the last 5 years. Maternal mortality rate in affected women was 0.4% compared to 0.3% for women without medical disorder in pregnancy, p = 0.298; while perinatal mortality rate was 6.4 and 7.1%, respectively, p = 0.850. Conclusion Despite the high prevalence of medical disorders in pregnancy, which puts pregnancy at high risk, the maternal and perinatal outcome is comparable to that of women without any medical disorder complicating pregnancy if managed in a tertiary hospital with adequate facility for emergency obstetric care and good neonatal facility.