Solvatochromism: A Tool For Solvent Discretion For Uv-Vis Spectroscopic Studies

Accuracy of UV-Vis spectroscopic method development utterly depends upon the selection of solvent which should be compatible and suitable for the solute throughout the study. The spectrum of the same molecule differs from analyst to analyst though the solvent used and other parameters are identical. In general, this trend is accepted by most of the analyst over the scientist community considering it as an instrumental or personnel error. This review reveals the various offbeat causes which lead to dissimilar outcomes despite having the same environment. Solvatochromism is a systematic approach that uses quantum- and molecular-level interface to simulate the changes and interaction between solvent and solute occurring at the molecular level as well as at electronic level which is not possible using traditional shift study. Advanced solvatochromism approach allows us to know about the interactions and changes at the quantum level (molecular geometry changes, charge transfer reactions, energy transition at different levels of excitement, changes in electron density, time-dependent effect on spectra, etc.) which improves the scope and versatility of UV-Vis methods. This review shall suggest using these approaches for solvent selection of UV-Vis spectroscopic studies that will surely make it more efficient and versatile.