Variational Label Enhancement.

Label distribution covers a certain number of labels, representing the degree to which each label describes the instance. When dealing with label ambiguity, label distribution could describe the supervised information in a fine-grained way. Unfortunately, many training sets only contain simple logical labels rather than label distributions due to the difficulty of obtaining label distributions directly. To solve this problem, we consider the label distributions as the latent vectors and infer them from the logical labels in the training datasets by using variational inference. After that, we induce a predictive model to train the label distribution data by employing the multi-output regression technique. The recovery experiment on thirteen real-world LDL datasets and the predictive experiment on ten multi-label learning datasets validate the advantage of our approach over the state-of-the-art approaches.