Chemical And Biological Activities Of Deverra Triradiata Hochst. Ex. Boiss. Aerial Parts From St. Catherine, Southern Sinai, Egypt

The present study describe the phenolic and flavonoid profiles of the ethyl acetate extract of D. triradiata which demonstrated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to prove the presence of 16 compounds, nine major compounds namely, querectin (46.37 mg/g), vanillin (11.94), daidzein (10.02), ellagic acid (4.76), propyl gallate (3.89), naringenin (3.27), gallic Acid (3.18 mg/g), rutin (2.7) and chlorogenic Acid (2.58).The chemical constituents of unsaponifiable portion of petroleum ether 60-80 degrees extract which analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) proved the presence of 14 hydrocarbons and three sterol; The major compounds are: n-eicosane (16.94%), n-docosane (8.22 %), n-heptadecane (7.13 %), squalene (6.89%), n-tricosane (1.63 %), n-hendecane (1.63 %), cholesterol (1.12 %), campesterol (3.81 %) and stigmasterol (5.27 %).From saponifiable portion five unsaturated fatty acids were indicated as, alpha-Linolenic acid (ALA), (17.95 %), arachidonic acid (11.37), linolenic acid (LA) (6.12), oleic acid (3.36) and palmitoleic acid (3.01) and also four saturated fatty acid named, palmitic acid (31.61), myristic acid (7.17), Lauric acid (1.67) and stearic acid (1.47) were indicated.Total phenolic (tannic acid equivalent), total tannins (tannic acid equivalent) and total flavonoids (quercetin equivalent) were (67.8 +/- 0.39, 31.4 +/- 0.63 and 4.7 +/- 0.077 mg/g d.w.), respectively.The in vitro antioxidant activity using the stable free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl) method of the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts were carried out. The percentage of maximal inhibition for extracts in DPPH are 18.42 +/- 0.39 and 43.58 +/- 0.52 %, respectively compared with percentage of gallic acid 91.29 +/- 0.72 mu g/ml, which proved that ethyl acetate extract possesses a distinct radical scavenging effect, which may be attributed to its high polyphenolic content.The in vitro cytotoxic activity by using SRB assay, of petroleum ether showed promising activity against (MCF7), (PC3) and (HCT 116) with IC50 18.8, 9.3 and 9.5 ug/ml, respectively, compared with normal cell. Baby Hamster kidney (BHK) with IC50 37, while, the ethyl acetate extract showed weak activity against (MCF7), (PC3) and (HCT) with IC50 42, 42 and 37 ug/ml, comparable to (BHK) normal cell with IC50 59 mu g/ml.All identified phenolic compounds are therapeutically active compounds with anticancer potency and antioxidant capacities which were reported for the first time.