Spare and repair the gut microbiota from antibiotic-induced dysbiosis: state-of-the-art

•The gut microbiota is regarded nowadays as a key component for human health.•Dysbiosis is an unrecognized disease whose consequences just begin to be understood.•Antibiotics can be health-threatening due to their impact on the gut microbiota.•Microbiota protectors may change the way we use antibiotics in the future.