Mitral annulus is dilated with preserved function in acromegaly regardless of its activity: Insights from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study

Introduction and Objective: Acromegaly is a rare, chronic and slowly developing endocrine disorder caused by hypersecretion of human growth hormone and consequently of insulin-like growth factor-1 during adulthood. The present study was conducted to assess mitral annular (MA) size and function between acromegalic patients and age- and gender-matched healthy controls by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3D-STE). It also aimed to examine whether activity of the disease has any effect on MA parameters. Methods: This study included 27 patients with acromegaly, three of whom were excluded due to inferior image quality. The mean age of the remaining 24 patients was 55.7 +/- 14.0 years and seven were male. Complete two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography and 3D-STE were performed in all cases. Results: Significantly increased end-diastolic and end-systolic MA diameter (2.81 +/- 0.36 cm vs. 2.44 +/- 0.34 cm and 2.00 +/- 0.32 cm vs. 1.65 +/- 0.37 cm, respectively), area (9.67 +/- 2.33 cm(2) vs. 7.38 +/- 1.93 cm(2) and 5.14 +/- 1.62 cm(2) vs. 3.74 +/- 1.19 cm(2), respectively) and perimeter (11.76 +/- 1.42 cm vs. 10.27 +/- 1.33 cm and 8.61 +/- 1.23 cm vs. 7.36 +/- 1.10 cm, respectively) were demonstrated in acromegalic patients compared with control subjects. MA functional parameters were not significantly altered compared to those of healthy individuals. Conclusions: MA dilation could be seen in acromegaly regardless of its activity. Acromegaly is not associated with MA functional impairment. (C) 2021 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U.