Hyperbaric oxygen therapy acts as an alternative method in treating injection-induced nodules

Background Cosmetic injection-induced nodules are tricky to handle in the clinic. Aims We reported a case of injection-induced nodule receiving the experimental treatment of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT). Patient A woman presented with multiple red solid nodules on the neck after receiving mesotherapy conducted by syringe. Ultrasound examination showed multiple thickened inflammatory skin tissues on the neck. Pathological biopsy results showed epithelioid granulomas in the dermis, within which there were degenerative necrosis and foreign bodies in the center and multinucleated giant cells around. The bacteria tests remained negative. Diagnosed with foreign body granuloma, the patient rejected the resection or steroids, but willingly took the experimental treatment of HOT instead. After one month, the patient's ultrasound examination showed that the lesion's local hardness got significantly reduced, and the local blood flow increased, indicating the condition improved. Results Although the patient's nodule has not been eliminated, some improvements have been achieved. So far there has no case report on HOT treating injection-induced nodules in the literature. Conclusion HOT may be considered as a potential alternative when other treatment options cannot be implemented. More research is needed in this field.