Analysis of Latitude Observations and Data of Satellite Navigation Systems to Determine Geodynamic Parameters

— This study is focused on the analysis of data of the long-term latitude observations and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The latitude observations include small-amplitude periodic and random harmonics as noise components of different nature and duration. These harmonics are a source of valuable information on seismology, geodynamic processes, and Earth structure in the telescope vicinity. The value of observations carried out at a certain observatory is in their reliability, homogeneity, uniqueness, and long-term series. The latitude observations are reduced to build a diagram of temporal variations in the mean latitude of an observational site on a long-time interval. In this paper, we analyze a curve of the nonpolar oscillations (free of components induced by the pole motion) of the mean latitude. We compare the periodic components of secular variations in the mean latitude and the GNSS observations. Geodynamic parameters of the dynamics of the Earth’s crust relative to tectonic faults on the Tatarstan territory have been determined from the GNSS data; also, from the analysis of the astronomical latitude variations anomalously deviating from the predictive model, the correlation with seismic processes has been shown.