Assessment of internal exposure to methylsiloxanes in children and associated non-dietary exposure risk

•Significantly elevated plasma MSs levels were found in children in industrial areas.•Methylsiloxanes may accumulate rapidly in infants’ plasma.•Inhalation and dust ingestion were the major exposure pathways in industrial areas.•Dermal absorption from PCPs was the predominant exposure pathway in residential areas.•The maximum total daily inhalation exposure dose in infants was close to the cRfD.