A Dual-Time Transform Assisted Intelligent Relaying Scheme for the STATCOM-Compensated Transmission Line Connecting Wind Farm

The fixed-impedance-based distance relaying schemes find limitation in providing reliable protection to transmission lines connecting doubly fed induction generator based large capacity wind farms and compensated with static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). In this article, the performance of the distance relay protecting such transmission lines is investigated and proposes an advanced protection scheme where the fault detection and fault section identification task is performed using the signs of the superimposed $\alpha$ -aerial components of the measured currents at the line ends and STATCOM location. Furthermore, suitable features are extracted from the relay end measured currents using dual-time transform (TT) and subsequently utilized by decision tree classifier for fault classification. Finally, the single-end traveling wave-based technique is employed using $\alpha$ and $\beta$ -aerial current waves for estimating the fault location. The performance of the proposed protection scheme is evaluated on different fault and nonfault cases generated on a two-bus test power system through MATLAB/Simulink and OPAL-RT (OP4510) manufactured real-time digital simulation environment. The performance of the proposed protection scheme is also compared with some earlier reported works. The demonstrated results justify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for protecting such complex transmission networks.