Mechanisms of the Effects of Parental Emotional Warmth on Extraversion in Children and Adolescents

•To investigated the mechanisms underlying the association between parenting style and personality using fMRI.•A moderated mediation model was used to reveal the relationship among variables.•The positive association between PEW and extraversion was mediated by SW.•The mediating effect of SW was moderated by P-S-FC.•To lay the foundation for later studies on the mechanism of extraversion.