The Prognostic Significance of Immunostaining of Wnt Signalling Pathway Molecules, E-cadherin and -Catenin in Colorectal Carcinomacolorectal Carcinoma

Background and study aims: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The E-cadherin-catenin complex is crucial in the development and progression of carcinomas. This study was conducted to evaluate the relation between E-cadherin and beta-catenin immunostaining and CRC outcome. Patients and methods: Tissue microarrays were constructed from CRC, nodal metastases, adenomas, and normal mucosa. E-cadherin and beta-catenin immunostaining was performed, and results were analyzed. Results: For E-cadherin, the membranous fraction (MF) was higher in normal mucosa, adenoma, CRC, and nodal metastasis than the cytoplasmic fraction (CF), but no difference in nodal metastasis was observed. A low MF in CRC was associated with disease relapse. For beta-catenin, high MF and CF in normal mucosa, adenoma, CRC, and nodal metastasis were observed, whereas the nuclear fraction (NF) was high only in CRC. In CRC, a high CF was associated with nodal metastasis and the incidence of relapse and predicted nodal metastasis. A high NF could predict distance metastasis. A high CF in CRC was associated with favorable disease-free survival and overall survival. Conclusion: Reduced E-cadherin and beta-catenin immunostaining in CRC is related to prognostic factors. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway may play a crucial role in CRC progression and help identify the high risk of adverse outcomes and indicate close follow-up. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology.