A critical review of materials innovation and interface stabilization for efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaics

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on organometal halide (Omh) perovskites have been exhibited superb potential for next-generation photovoltaic applications because of their ever-increasing power conversion efficiencies over the past decade. However, their operational stability remains a challenge, which are attributed to the ionic nature of Omh perovskites and defects of heterojunction interfaces in a stacked solar cell. Thus, stabilization of Omh perovskites phases and device interfaces are of paramount importance towards long-term stable PSCs. This review presents an important tool to explore efficient and stable PSCs by Omh perovskite-based composites and interface stabilization strategies. Moreover, it deals with the study on materials selection for effective design of Omh perovskite composites and cell heterojunction interfaces. The chemical and electrical characteristics of Omh perovskite composites and device interface states, including perovskite film growth, defect tolerance, interface trap passivation, strong chemical interaction, cross-linking and/or chemical bonding, are further discussed. These features provide insights into the stabilization and immobilization of Omh perovskite structures and stacked solar cell interfaces for highly efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaics.