Recent progress on black phosphorus quantum dots for full-spectrum solar-to-chemical energy conversion

•Elaborate the unique advantages of BPQDs in solar-to-chemical energy conversion.•Summarize the synthetic strategies of BPQDs includes top-down and bottom-up approaches.•Generalize three themes such as H2 evolution, CO2 photoreduction and organic pollutant removal of BPQDs.•Provide the challenges and perspectives on the future development of BPQDs-based heterostructures.