Assessing the positioning performance of GNSS receivers under different geomagnetic storm conditions

GNSS signals are affected when solar activity causes sudden variations in the density of the ionosphere. Few studies concentrate on positioning performance of IGS stations using different GNSS receivers under different geomagnetic storm conditions. This paper for the first time presents IF and UC PPP positioning performance of stations with different receivers during the quiet, moderate, intense, and super storms period. Firstly, a comprehensive investigation of geomagnetic storms effects on the occurrence of GPS cycle-slip and PPP positioning performance have been presented. Secondly, the influences of geomagnetic storms on the occurrence of cycle-slip and IF PPP positioning performance for stations using receivers provided by 'JAVAD', 'LEICA', and 'TRIMBLE' manufacturers have been comprehensively studied. Finally, this study investigates the geomagnetic storms effects on IF PPP positioning performance of stations using receiver types 'JAVAD TRE_G3TH DELTA', 'JAVAD TRE_3 DELTA', 'LEICA GR25', and 'TRIMBLE NETR9' by analysing observed data collected at mid-latitude region.