Simultaneous Multiwavelength Flare Observations of EV Lacertae

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL(2021)

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摘要
We present the first results of our ongoing project conducting simultaneous multiwavelength observations of flares on nearby active M dwarfs. We acquired data of the nearby dM3.5e star EV Lac using five different observatories: NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift), NASA's Neutron Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), the University of Hawaii 2.2-meter telescope (UH88), and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope (LCOGT) Network. During the similar to 25 days of TESS observations, we acquired three simultaneous UV/X-ray observations using Swift that total similar to 18 ks, 21 simultaneous epochs totaling similar to 98 ks of X-ray data using NICER, one observation (similar to 3 hr) with UH88, and one observation (similar to 3 hr) with LCOGT. We identified 56 flares in the TESS light curve with estimated energies in the range log E (T) (erg) = (30.5-33.2), nine flares in the Swift UVM2 light curve with estimated energies in the range log E (UV) (erg) = (29.3-31.1), 14 flares in the NICER light curve with estimated minimum energies in the range log E ( N ) (erg) = (30.5-32.3), and 1 flare in the LCOGT light curve with log E ( L ) (erg) = 31.6. We find that the flare frequency distributions (FFDs) of TESS and NICER flares have comparable slopes, beta ( T ) = -0.67 +/- 0.09 and beta ( N ) = - 0.65 +/- 0.19, and the FFD of UVOT flares has a shallower slope (beta ( U ) = -0.38 +/- 0.13). Furthermore, we do not find conclusive evidence for either the first ionization potential (FIP) or the inverse FIP effect during coronal flares on EV Lac.
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关键词
ev lacertae,multi-wavelength
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