Case Report: First Report of Disseminated Trachipleistophora hominis Infection in an AIDS Patient from Thailand

Microsporidial myositis caused by Trachipleistophora hominis is a life-threatening and emerging microsporidiosis among immunocompromised hosts. This article reports a case of disseminated microsporidiosis caused by T. hominis in southern Thailand. The patient had HIV and presented at the clinic with incapacitating muscle pain. She was diagnosed with disseminated microsporidiosis. Molecular identification revealed the sequence of 18S ribosomal RNA gene involving sequences sharing 99% nucleotide identity with T. hominis from an Australian patient. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the detection of T. hominis microsporidia in an HIV patient in Thailand.