Increased incidence of genital warts among women and men with type 1 diabetes compared with the general population—results from a nationwide registry-based, cohort study

Aims To estimate the incidence rates of genital warts (GWs) in women and men with type 1 diabetes compared to persons without diabetes. Methods In this nationwide registry-based cohort study, we included the entire population aged 15 to 49 years living in Denmark between 1996 and 2016. From national registries, we retrieved individual level information on diabetes status, diagnoses and treatment of GWs, and potential confounding variables. We used Poisson regression to model sex- and age-specific incidence rates of GWs in persons with type 1 diabetes and persons without diabetes. Based on the models, we computed sex-specific incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of GWs in persons with type 1 diabetes compared to persons without diabetes, overall and according to age. Results The analysis included 3,514,824 persons without type 2 diabetes and no GW diagnoses before baseline. The incidence rate of GWs in persons with type 1 diabetes was higher than in those without diabetes, both among women (IRR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.42–1.78) and men (IRR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.25–1.48). The pattern of increased incidence rates of GWs in persons with type 1 diabetes was seen at all ages. Conclusions Persons with type 1 diabetes have higher incidence rates of GWs than persons without diabetes. This supports the importance of HPV vaccination of young girls and boys with type 1 diabetes.