Race and Gender Differences in Systemic Sclerosis: a Retrospective Multicenter Cohort

In conclusion, our study challenges certain race and gender phenotypes in SSc while confirming others. We demonstrated that non-White patients were more likely to have diffuse disease and ILD, both poor prognostic signs in SSc. Women are more likely to present with GI involvement. Such findings are important for mitigating health disparities and personalizing the care of patients with SSc. This study’s limitations include its retrospective nature and use of a patient population that may not be generalizable. However, given that SSc is an orphan disease, this large multicenter study adds to the limited data in this arena. Further large-scale study of the race and gender differences in SSc is warranted.