Immunoregulatory T Cell Epitope Peptides For The Treatment Of Allergic Disease

Tweetable abstract Clinical trials have shown beneficial safety, efficacy and tolerance with T-cell #peptide #immunotherapy. It shows great promise as upcoming treatment for allergic rhinitis.Allergic diseases are type 2 inflammatory reactions with an increasing worldwide prevalence, making the search for new therapeutic options pertinent. Allergen immunotherapy is the only disease-modifying approach for allergic rhinitis, though it can result in systemic reactions. Recently, peptide immunotherapy (PIT), involving T cell epitope peptides that bind to major histocompatibility complexes, have been developed. It is speculated that they can induce T helper cell type 2 anergy, Treg cell upregulation or immune deviation. Promising results in cat dander, honeybee venom, Japanese cedar pollen, grass pollens, ragweed and house dust mite clinical trials have shown safety, efficacy and tolerability to PIT. Hence, PIT may hold the potential to change the treatment algorithm for allergic rhinitis.Lay abstract Allergen immunotherapy is the only disease-modifying treatment option for patients with chronic allergic rhinitis, typically featuring formulations to promote the development of immune tolerance. Although effective, the use of whole allergen has been found to promote unintended IgE crosslinking, resulting in local and systemic adverse effects. To overcome such limitations, the use of T cell epitope peptides in allergen immunotherapy has been explored with hopeful outcomes. Compared with allergen immunotherapy, peptide immunotherapy is quicker, safer and more efficacious, making it quite promising. Although peptides for pet dander, honeybee venom, pollen and house dust mite allergies have been developed, more extensive research is necessary to prior to widespread usage.