Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma Arising In A Mature Cystic Teratoma Of Ovary: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature

Mature cystic teratoma is the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumor, while malignant transformation rarely occurs. Here, we report a case of a 19-year-old female patient presenting with abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed an approximately 9 cm wide complex cystic and solid adnexal mass in the left ovary. After surgery, histopathological examination determined that the left ovarian neoplasm was a germ cell derived tumor, with the cystic part as a mature teratoma and with the solid part as an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS). To our knowledge, this is the fourth case, reported so far, of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Currently, there is limited information about the history or the prognosis of this disease and there is no general consensus on the optimal surgical approach and the postoperative treatment required. Therefore, to better comprehend this disorder, here we present the patient's pathophysiological symptoms, briefly discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease, and further review literature for similar cases.