Cardio Vascular Autonomic Dysfunction In Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Microalbuminuria

Objective: Main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in type-2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria.Study Design: Descriptive/observational studyPlace and Duration: Study was conducted at Diabetes Hospital Hayatabad Peshawar and Mukhtar A Sheikh Hospital Multan for duration of six months from September, 2019 to February, 2020.Methods: Total 70 patients of both genders diagnosed diabetes 2 mellitus were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 20-80 years. Patients' details demographics were recorded after taking written consent. Prevalence of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction with microalbuminuria was assessed by statistical analysis. Microalbuminuria was diagnosed among patients if urinary albumin excretion was >30-300mg/g and graded into mild, moderate and severe according to value of urinary albumin excretion was (20-50 mg/24 hr, 50-100 mg/24 hr, 100-300 mg/24 hr). Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 20.0 version.Results: Out of 70, 38 (54.3%) were males and 32 (45.7%) were females. Mean age of the patients were 49.71 +/- 17.8 years with mean BMI 28.41 +/- 9.42 kg/m(2). Mean ACR of microalbuminuria was 166.7 +/- 47.8 mg/gm. Among 70 cases, mild microalbuminuria was found in 28 (40%) cases, moderate microalbuminuria was among 31 (44.3%) and 11 (15.7%) was severe microalbuminuria. Lethargy was the most common symptom found in 25 (35.7%) followed by anorexia 20 (28.6%). Frequency of Cardiac autonomic neuropathy was 58 (82.86%), Parasympathetic dysfunction found in 59 (84.3%) and sympathetic dysfunction was among 62 (88.6%).Conclusion: We concluded in this study that the cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in type-2 diabetes patients highly associated with microalbuminuria with increased systolic diastolic pressure and heart rate.