Donor-defined mesenchymal stem cell antimicrobial potency against nontuberculous mycobacterium

Chronic nontuberculous mycobacterial infections with Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare complicate bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive airway disease, and the health of aging individuals. These insidious intracellular pathogens cause considerable morbidity and eventual mortality in individuals colonized with these bacteria. Current treatment regimens with antibiotic macrolides are both toxic and often inefficient at providing infection resolution. In this article, we demonstrate that human marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory in vitro and in the context of an in vivo sustained infection of either M. avium and/or M. intracellulare.