1,3,7-Triazapyrene-Based ortho-Carborane Fluorophores: Convenient Synthesis, Theoretical Studies, and Aggregation-Induced Emission Properties

A convenient transition-metal-free approach, based on nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen (SNH), for consecutive regioselective C–H functionalization of 1,3,7-triazapyrene scaffolds with carboranyllithium and phenyllithium is reported. The theoretical calculations disclosed highlight key features in the regioselectivity and mechanism of the investigated SNH transformations. The novel 1,3,7-triazapyrene-based ortho-carboranes obtained have large potential in the field of molecular electronics as organic luminophores, which are characterized by the aggregation-induced emission and dual-emission effects.