Machine Learning Models Applied to Manage the Operation of a Simple SWRO Desalination Plant and Its Application in Marine Vessels

In this work, two machine learning techniques, specifically decision trees (DTs) and support vector machines (SVMs), were applied to optimize the performance of a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plant with a capacity of 100 m3 per day. The input variables to the system were seawater pH, seawater conductivity, and three requirements: permeate flow rate, permeate conductivity, and total energy consumed by the desalination plant. These requirements were decided based on a cost function that prioritizes the water needs in a vessel and the maximum possible energy savings. The intelligent system modifies the actuators of the plant: feed flow rate control and high-pressure pump (HPP) operating pressure. This tool is proposed for the optimal use of desalination plants in marine vessels. Although both machine learning techniques output satisfactory results, it was concluded that the DTs technique (HPP pressure: root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.0104; feed flow rate: RMSE = 0.0196) is more accurate than SVMs (HPP pressure: RMSE = 0.0918; feed flow rate: RMSE = 0.0198) based on the metrics used. The final objective of the paper is to extrapolate the implementation of this smart system to other shipboard desalination plants and optimize their performance.